অনার্স ১ম বর্ষ অর্থায়ন নীতিমালা চূড়ান্ত সাজেশন
বিগত সালের প্রশ্নসহ
.webp "অর্থায়ন নীতিমালা অনার্স ১ম বর্ষ সাজেশন Honours 1st year principle of finance Suggestion")
Chapter 01 : Introduction
Lesson 01 : Finance & Business Finance, Financial Strategy
5★ 01. What is finance? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019; F&B '19]
3★ 02. Discuss the goal and functions of finance. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2017]
7★ 03. What is business finance? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015, '19; F&B '15, '19]
7★ 04. Discuss the principles of business finance. [N.U. (Hon's) 2013; Mkt. '17; F&B '15, '19; Acc. '16, '19, '20]
3★ 05. Discuss the classification of business finance. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2016]
5★ 06. Discuss the importance of business finance. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019, '22]
Or, Discuss the role of business finance in firm. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2014]
3★ 07. Discuss the goal and function of business finance.
Lesson 02 : Financial Manager
3★ 08. Define financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) 2006 Acc. '19]
5★ 09. Discuss the major principles of financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021]
Or, Describe principles of financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) 2015]
7★ 10. Discuss the importance of financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) 2015 Acc. '18; F&B '18]
Or, Why financial management is important for a business entity? [N.U. (Hon's) 2015 Acc. '18, '20; F&B '18]
Or, Discuss the functions of finance. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015; F&B '17]
Or, Discuss the managerial functions of finance. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2018]
7★ 11. Who is financial manager? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2024]
7★ 12. Discuss the goals and objectives of a financial manager. [N.U. (Hon's) 2013, '15, F&B '16; '17]
Or, Discuss the financial goals in terms of financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017]
Or, Discuss the importance of financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2018; Mkt. '18; F&B '16, '18]
5★ 13. Briefly discuss the qualities of financial manager. [N.U. (Hon's) Mkt. 2016, '18]
7★ 14. Discuss the role of a financial manager. [N.U. (Hon's) 2012, Acc. '18; F&B '16]
Or, Mention the role of a financial manager. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020]
7★ 15. Discuss the three major decisions that financial manager must take. [N.U. (Hon's) 2013, '15; Mkt. '17; Acc. '14, '16, '18, '21]
Or, Narrate the three important decisions of financial manager. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2016; Mkt. 2017]
Or, Discuss brief in major decisions that a financial manager takes. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2020]
Or, Describe the main two functions of a financial manager. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015]
5★ 16. Discuss the corporate decisions. [N.U. (Hon's) 2003, '05, '07, '08, '11]
Lesson 03 : Profit Maximization & Wealth Maximization
3★ 17. What are the possible objectives of a firm? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
5★ 18. Discuss the drawbacks of profit maximization. [N.U. (Hon's) 2017; Acc. 2022]
7★ 19. What do you mean by wealth maximization? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019]
Or, Define wealth maximization. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2022]
3★ 20. Write the important issues of wealth maximization. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2020]
Or, What are the important issues of wealth maximization?
7★ 21. Why is profit maximization not the ultimate goal of the firm? [N.U. (Hon's) 2007, '14]
Or, Do you think wealth maximization is better than profit maximization concept? why? [N.U. (Hon's) 2017 Acc. '16, '18, '20, '22]
Or, Wealth maximization is considered as better measure than profit maximization. [N.U. (Hon's) Mkt. 2018; F&B '18, '23]
3★ 22. Discuss the pros and cons of profit maximization and wealth maximization objective of a firm. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
5★ 23. Differentiate between wealth maximization and profit maximization. [N.U. (Hon's) Mkt. 2018, '16]
Or, Show the difference between wealth maximization and profit maximization. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2016, '19]
Lesson 04 : Ethics in Business
5★ 24. State the social responsibilities of business finance. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2023]
3★ 25. Briefly discuss the importance of corporate social responsibility of a business. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2016]
3★ 26. Discuss social responsibility of financial manager. [N.U. (Hon's) 2014]
Or, Discuss social responsibility of financial management. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019]
7★ 27. Explain the concept of corporate governance. [N.U. (Hon's) 2012, Acc. '17, '20]
5★ 28. What are the principles of corporate governance? [N.U. (Hon's) 2012]
Or, State the principles of corporate governance. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2020]
5★ 29. Discuss factors influencing financial decision. [N.U. (Hon's) 2014, Acc. '17; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
3★ 30. Discuss the factors influencing on financial decision. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2018]
3★ 31. Why is the study of corporate finance importance to your professional and personal life? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
3★ 32. Why do you study finance as a discipline? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2014]
Lesson 05 : Agency Problem
7★ 33. What is agency problem? How can it be minimized? [N.U. (Hon's) 2009]
Or, How agency problems are deal with? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021]
Or, What is agency problem? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2020, '23]
Or, How agency problem can be prevented? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017, '20, '23]
7★ 34. Explain the types of agency problems? [N.U. (Hon's) Mgt. 2021]
Or, Discuss the types of agency problems? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017, '23]
3★ 35. Discuss different market forces to minimize agency problem. [N.U. (Hon's) 2012]
7★ 36. What is agency conflict? Discuss in brief the various techniques of overcoming agency problem? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019, Mkt. '17]
Or, What is agency problem and discuss briefly potential solution of the problem. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021]
3★ 37. Discuss the agency theory and its effects on capital structure. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020, '21]
3★ 38. What is meant by agency cost? [N.U. (Hon's) 2009]
Or, What is agency cost? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020]
3★ 39. What is the main reason that an agency relationship exists in the corporate form of organization? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
5★ 40. What kind of problem can arise between the relationship exists in corporate firm.
Or, In this context, what kind of problems can arise? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
41. Short-Note:
3★ a. Public finance
5★ b. Private finance
3★ c. Agency problem
3★ d. Agency cost
Chapter 02 : Financial Environment
Lesson 01 : Financial Market
5★ 42. What is meant by financial market? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2021]
3★ 43. Discuss the types of financial market, shortly.
7★ 44. What is capital market? Briefly discuss various types of capital market. [N.U. (Hon's) 2016, '19]
7★ 45. Distinguish between money market and capital market. [N.U. (Hon's) 2017; Acc. '21; F&B '19]
5★ 46. Compare and contrast between primary and secondary market. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020]
5★ 47. Briefly discuss the role of Security Exchange Commission (SEC) for capital market in Bangladesh. [N.U. (Hon's) 2016]
Or, Describe the role of Bangladesh Security Exchange Commission (BSEC) as a controller of capital market. [N.U. (Hon's) 2019]
3★ 48. Show differences between bond and common stock. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2023]
3★ 49. Discuss the key elements of bond valuation. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2019]
7★ 50. Show the difference between right issue versus public offering. [N.U. (Hon's) 2013, '15; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2021]
Lesson 02 : Financial Institutions
5★ 51. Briefly describe the functions of financial markets and institutions. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
7★ 52. What is meant by share market? Explain the classification of share market. [N.U. (Hon's) 2017]
5★ 53. Discuss the objectives and functions of World Bank. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2023]
Lesson 03 : Fiscal Environment, Corporate Taxation, Government Investment Policy
5★ 54. What is fiscal environment?
3★ 55. Define corporate taxation.
3★ 56. What is government investment policy?
57. Short-Note:
3★ a. Common stock
3★ b. Stock market
3★ c. Share market
3★ d. Primary market
3★ e. Secondary market
Chapter 03 : Concepts in Valuation
Lesson 01 : Time value of money, Time lines
5★ 58. Define time value of money. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2016]
3★ 59. Discuss the determinants of time value of money. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019]
3★ 60. Discuss the importance of time value of money. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021]
7★ 61. Explain the reasons for time value of money preference. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2010, '16, '19, '23]
Lesson 02 : Future value of present value, Compounding & discounting
5★ 62. Define future value.
3★ 63. What is compounding?
3★ 64. Define present value.
3★ 65. Define discounting.
5★ 66. Show the difference between present value and future value.
Lesson 03 : Annuity, Amortizing loan and Schedule
7★ 67. Define annuity.
5★ 68. Discuss the types of annuity.
3★ 69. Show the difference between ordinary annuity and annuity due. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2022]
3★ 70. What is amortizing loan.
3★ 71. What is Loan amortization schedule.
Lesson 04 : Market value and Economic value
3★ 72. Define market value.
3★ 73. Define economic value.
74. Short-Note:
5★ a. Compounding
3★ b. Discounting
3★ c. Equilibrium value
3★ d. Perpetuity
Chapter 04 : Concepts of Return and Risk
Lesson 01 : Uncertainty & Risk and Return
3★ 75. Define uncertainty.
3★ 76. What is meant by risk? [N.U. (Hon's) 2006, '08, '11]
7★ 77. Discuss the sources of risk. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2006, '08, '11, '22]
3★ 78. Write down the methods of reducing financial risks. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2024]
3★ 79. What are risk preferences? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2021]
7★ 80. Most of the financial decisions are trade-off between risk and return. - Explain it. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2006, '08, '11, '16, '19, '21]
7★ 81. Show the difference between risk and uncertainty. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2022, '23; F&B '18]
Lesson 02 : Types of Risks
5★ 82. Define business risk.
7★ 83. Define financial risk.
7★ 84. Distinguish between business risk and financial risk. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2015, '17, '19, '22]
5★ 85. Distinguish between systematic and unsystematic risk. Which risk is relevant to the investors and how can that risk be measured? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
Lesson 03 : Risk Measurement
3★ 86. Define variance.
3★ 87. Define standard deviation.
3★ 88. Define coefficient of variation.
89. Short-Note:
3★ a. Risk-free return
3★ b. Specific risk
3★ c. Systematic risk
Chapter 05 : Cost of Capital
Lesson 01 : Cost of Capital
7★ 90. What is cost of capital? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020]
Or, Define the term cost of capital. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
5★ 91. Write the assumptions of cost of Capital. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020]
5★ 92. Discuss the limitations of cost of capital. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
Lesson 02 : WACC & MCC, Break Point
3★ 93. Define the weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
3★ 94. Define marginal cost of capital (MCC) schedule.
5★ 95. Define break points.
5★ 96. Discuss the factors that influence break-even point. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2021]
97. Short-Note:
3★ a. Cost of capital
5★ b. WACC
3★ c. Break points
Chapter 06 : Pricing Models
Lesson 01 : CAPM
3★ 98. Define capital asset pricing model (CAPM).
7★ 99. Mention the assumptions of CAPM model. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2023]
Lesson 02 : SML & CML
3★ 100. Define security market line (SML).
3★ 101. Define capital market line (CML).
7★ 102. Write the difference between security market line (SML) and capital market line (CML).
Lesson 03 : APM
3★ 103. Define arbitrage pricing model (APM).
5★ 104. Mention the assumptions of the arbitrage pricing Model (APM).
105. Short-Note:
3★ a. Security market line (SML)
5★ b. Capital market line (CML)
3★ c. Arbitrage pricing model (APM)
Chapter 07 : Financing Decision
Chapter 7.1 : Short-term Financing
Lesson 01 : Characteristics & Sources of Short term
5★ 106. What is short-term finance? [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2016]
3★ 107. Describe the characteristics of short-term finance.
3★ 108. Identify different sources of short-term financing and mention some factors affecting a company's choice of financing. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
5★ 109. Describe the sources of spontaneous financing. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2016, '19]
3★ 110. What is trade credit? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2014; F&B '18; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2019]
7★ 111. Describe the characteristics of trade credit. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. '19]
5★ 112. What are the main factors of trade credit? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2019]
5★ 113. What do you mean by cost of trade credit? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2020]
3★ 114. Who bears the cost of trade credit? [N.U. (Hon's) 2010, Acc. '14, '17]
3★ 115. What is commercial paper?
3★ 116. Describe the features of commercial paper. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2018]
7★ 117. Show difference between lien of credit and revolving credit. [N.U. (Hon's) 2004, '05, Acc. '17, '22; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. '19]
3★ 118. Show the difference between trade credit and bank credit. [N.U. (Hon's) 2007, Acc. '20; F&B '16]
Lesson 02 : Formal Financing, Secured and Unsecured Financing
3★ 119. Define formal financing.
3★ 120. Define secured loan.
3★ 121. Define unsecured loan.
5★ 122. Differentiate between secured loan and unsecured loan. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2018]
123. Short-Note:
3★ a. Trade credit
3★ b. Commercial paper
Chapter 7.2 : Mid-term financing
Lesson 01 : Mid-term financing, Characteristics and Source
5★ 124. What is mid-term financing?
5★ 125. Discuss the objectives of intermediate-term financing. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2023]
5★ 126. Discuss the features of intermediate-term financing. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2018, '20]
Lesson 02 : Characteristics and Sources
7★ 127. Who are the users of intermediate financing? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2018; F&B '16]
7★ 128. Describe the sources of mid-term financing. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015]
Chapter 7.3 : Long-term Financing
Lesson 01 : Long-term Financing
5★ 129. What is long-term financing? [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2017]
3★ 130. Describe the benefits of long-term financing. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
Lesson 02 : Characteristics and Sources
7★ 131. Discuss the characteristics of long-term financing.
Or, Discuss the features of long-term financing. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015; F&B '15]
7★ 132. Discuss the source of long-term financing in Bangladesh. [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2017; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2019]
Or, Describe the source of long-term financing in Bangladesh. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019]
3★ 133. How many kinds of long-term debt instrument? [N.U. (Hon's) 2010]
Lesson 03 : Equity Financing, Preference Share Financing and debt Financing
3★ 134. Discuss the classification of bond in brief. [N.U. (Hon's) 2015]
3★ 135. Discuss various types of secured bond. [N.U. (Hon's) 2014]
7★ 136. Discuss the characteristics of bonds. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017]
7★ 137. What is zero coupon bonds? Why do investors buy it although it has no coupon interest? [N.U. (Hon's) 2015 (Acc.) '18 Q. No. 13(a); D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2021]
3★ 138. Distinguish between common stock and bond. [N.U. (Hon's) 2012, '14, Acc. '17]
3★ 139. What is bond refunding? Discuss the process of bond refunding. [N.U. (Hon's) 2015]
3★ 140. Why is bond refunding done? [N.U. (Hon's) 2011, '14]
5★ 141. What is preferred share? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2023]
Or, What is hybrid security? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015]
7★ 142. Discuss the features of preferred stock. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017, '23]
7★ 143. Why Preference share is called a hybrid security. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2015, '18; F&B '14]
Lesson 04 : Warrant, Covenants, Guarantees
3★ 144. Define warrant.
3★ 145. Define covenants.
3★ 146. Define guarantees.
147. Short-Note:
3★ a. Long-term financing.
3★ b. Bond
3★ c. Preferred share.
Chapter 08 : Investment Decision
Lesson 01 : Capital Budgeting
7★ 148. What do you mean by capital budgeting?
Or, What is capital budgeting? [N.U. (Hon's) 2013, Acc. '16, '18 & F&B 2017; D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2022]
5★ 149. Describe the importance of capital budgeting. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2020]
5★ 150. Describe the limitation of capital budgeting. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2018]
7★ 151. Show the applicable Fields of capital budgeting. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2024]
7★ 152. What are the different techniques of capital budgeting? Mention the advantages and limitations of each technique. [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2023]
3★ 153. Define independent project. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017]
3★ 154. Define mutually exclusive project. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2017]
7★ 155. Discuss the steps of capital budgeting. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2016, '22, '23; F&B 2015]
Lesson 02 : Capital Budgeting Decision
7★ 156. Discuss the types of capital budgeting decisions. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2019]
3★ 157. Which method is the best for use in capital budgeting? [N.U. (Hon's) F&B 2014]
3★ 158. Discuss the importance of capital rationing. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021]
5★ 159. Show the difference between capital budgeting versus capital rationing. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2016]
3★ 160. What is meant by incremental cash flow? [D.U. (Affiliated) Acc. 2020]
Lesson 02 (Continued) : Methods used for Capital Budgeting
5★ 161. Discuss the methods of capital budgeting. [N.U. (Hon's) 2007, '12, F&B '14, '17]
5★ 162. Define average rate of return (ARR). [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021]
7★ 163. Which is the best method of evaluation of project but of net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR)? [N.U. (Hon's) 2020]
164. Short-Note:
3★ a. Capital budgeting
3★ b. Mutually exclusive project
3★ c. Capital rationing
3★ d. Payback period (PBP)
3★ e. Net present value (NPV)
Chapter 09 : Capital Structure Decision
Lesson 01 : Capital Structure
3★ 165. What is capital structure?
3★ 166. Describe in brief the factors determining capital structure. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2018, '21, '23; F&B '15, '17]
7★ 167. Distinguish between financial structure and capital structure. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2018]
Lesson 02 : EBIT-EPS Approach to Capital Structure
3★ 168. Discuss the net income (NI) approach.
3★ 169. Discuss the net operating income (NOI) approach.
7★ 170. Mention the difference between NI and NOI approach.
Lesson 03 : Long-term Financing
7★ 171. What is optimum capital structure? [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2021; F&B '16]
7★ 172. Write down the characteristics of optimum capital structure. [N.U. (Hon's) Acc. 2023]
173. Short-Note:
3★ a. Capital structure
3★ b. Optimum capital structure
Chapter 10 : Financial institutions
Lesson 01 : Financial Institutions in Bangladesh
3★ 174. Define financial institution.
3★ 175. Discuss the major types of financial institutions in Bangladesh.
Lesson 02 : Financial Institution in the World
5★ 176. Discuss about international monetary fund (IMF).
5★ 177. Discuss about Asian Development Bank (ADB).
178. Short-Note:
3★ a. International monetary fund (IMF)
3★ b. Asian Development Bank (ADB)