নবম শ্রেণীর ইংরেজি প্রথম অধ্যায় ১.৩.১, ১.৩.২ এবং ১.৩.৩ প্রশ্নের সমাধান ২০২৪ - Class 9 English Chapter 1.3.1,1.3.2 and 1.3.3 Question Answer 2024

 English Chapter 1.3.1,1.3.2  and 1.3.3 Question Answer 2024

1.3.1 Let's read the following note to know more about 'Facts and Opinions'.

নিচের note-টি পড়ি এবং 'facts এবং opinions'-সম্পর্কে আরো কিছু জানি।

Note

Facts and Opinions

An important part of reading comprehension is determining a fact and an opinion in a text. The difference between facts and opinions is essential, especially when working to support an argument in an essay. Facts are statements that can be objectively proven, while opinions reflect personal and subjective feelings. For instance, when writing about a story someone might write something like: "The author did an awesome job writing about the main character." However, this statement would be an opinion because the idea that the author's job was "awesome" is subjective and may vary depending on the reader.

Instead, the same person might write something like: "The author used several metaphors to describe the main character effectively." This would be a fact because the writer would be able to point out metaphors in the text that prove this.

When we read a text, it is not always easy to distinguish between facts and opinions. To identify them, we need to read the passage sentence by sentence and ask two questions:

1. Can the statement be proven to be true or false?

2. Does the statement express the author's personal beliefs, ideas, or emotions about the topic?

If the answer to the first question is "it cannot be proven," and the answer to the second is "it does," then the statement is an opinion. On the other hand, if the answer to the first question is "it can be proven," and the answer to the second is "it doesn't," then the statement is a fact.

You can also look for certain cues to distinguish between facts and opinions in a text:

Authors often use the following ways to write a fact:

• The research confirms...
• It is recently discovered that/ Recent findings reveal that....
• "According to [source]"

are usually followed by a fact. However, it can also introduce an opinion. It is important to know that the source of the fact should be credible and trustworthy.

Conversely, authors use the following clues to give their opinions:

• I think, I believe, I feel, In my opinion, Some people think, My friends think, My parents think, Some people claim/argue, He/she claims/argues
• Adjectives like always/never, awful/wonderful, beautiful/ugly, better/best/worst, delicious/disgusting, enjoyable/favorite, for/against, good/bad, inferior/superior, oppose/support, terrible/unfair, worthwhile

Learning to tell facts and opinions is one of the most important skills. It not only helps us to analyse information and distinguish between facts and opinions, but it also assists us in choosing reliable sources and making our independent decisions. This skill reflects your critical thinking ability and makes you more reading capable.

In our daily lives, not everything that we hear or read is always true. We need to learn how to identify what is true and what is not. Therefore, it is important to be able to tell the differences between facts and opinions and decide what to believe and what is simply someone's viewpoint. This helps us resist attempts to influence, persuade, or pressure us. Ultimately, separating fact from opinion is central to understanding information thoughtfully.

1.3.2 Now, read the note on 'Facts and Opinions' again and choose the suitable characteristics from the following list and arrange them in the two columns below. Afterwards, share your ideas.

এখন, ঘটনা (facts) এবং মতামত (opinions) বিষয়ক note-টি আবার পড়ো এবং নিচের তালিকা থেকে এদের যথাযথ বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলো বাছাই করে নিচের সারণিতে সাজাও। এরপর facts and opinions সম্পর্কে তোমার ধারণা শ্রেণিতে share করো।

Characteristics

• Always true and can be proven
• An expression of belief about something
• Rely on observation or research
• Based on assumptions
• Has credible sources like research, newspaper etc.
• The source of the information may be the teacher, mother etc.
• To me, walking is the best way to visit a new place
• My mother has a driving licence
• . Universal
• Varies from one person to the next
• Debateable
• Has the power to influence or persuade others
• According to 'The New Nation' the literacy rate........
• Supported by evidence
• Involves our physical senses, like hearing, seeing, smelling, touching, or tasting

The answer is given in the above table

Add numbers as many as you need

Fact	Opinion
1. Always true and can be proven	1. An expression of belief about something
2. Rely on observation or research	2. Based on assumptions
3. Has credible sources research, newspaper etc.	3. The source of the information may be the teacher, mother etc.
4. Universal	4. To me, walking is the best way to visit a new place
5. My mother has a driving license	5. Varies from one person to the next
6. Debatable	6. Has the power to influence or persuade others
7. According to ‘The New Nation' the literacy rate......	7. Involves our physical senses, like hearing, seeing, smelling, touching, or tasting
8. Supported by evidence

1.3.3 Read the following texts. Then, discuss in pairs/groups to identify the facts and opinions in the texts. Afterwards, write down the strategies you used to distinguish between facts and opinions. Finally, express how the writer's opinions influence your thoughts and opinions about the topics.

নিচের text গুলো পড়ো। তারপর জোড়ায় বা দলে আলোচনা করে ঘটনা (fact) এবং মতামত (opinion) চিহ্নিত করো। এরপর fact এবং opinion আলাদা করে চেনার কৌশলগুলো লেখো। সবশেষে আলোচ্য বিষয় (topic) সম্পর্কে তোমার মতামতকে লেখকের মতামত কীভাবে প্রভাবিত করেছে তা প্রকাশ করো।

Text 1

The 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the American author Ernest Hemingway(1899- 1961) for his mastery of the art of narrative, demonstrated in 'The Old Man and the Sea', and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style. Unwilling to travel to Stockholm, after two nearly fatal plane crashes, Hemingway asked John C. Cabot, the United States Ambassador to Sweden at the time, to read his acceptance speech. This acceptance speech is considered one of the best ever. This is what he wrote- 
"Having no facility for speech-making and no command of oratory nor any domination of rhetoric, I wish to thank the administrators of the generosity of Alfred Nobel for this Prize.
No writer who knows the great writers who did not receive the Prize can accept it other
than with humility. There is no need to list these writers. Everyone here may make his own list according to his knowledge and his conscience.
It would be impossible for me to ask the Ambassador of my country to read a speech in which a writer said all of the things which are in his heart. Things may not be immediately discernible in what a man writes, and in this sometimes he is fortunate, but eventually, they are quite clear and by these and the degree of alchemy that he possesses he will endure or be forgotten.
Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. Organizations for writers palliate the writer's loneliness but I doubt if they improve his writing. He grows in public stature as he sheds his loneliness and often his work deteriorates. For he does his work alone and if he is a good enough writer he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day.
For a true writer, each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment. He should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried and failed. Then sometimes, with great luck, he will succeed.
How simple the writing of literature would be if it were only necessary to write in another way what has been well written. It is because we have had such great writers in the past that a writer is driven far out past where he can go, out to where no one can help him.
I have spoken too long for a writer. A writer should write what he has to say and not speak it. Again, I thank you."

Text 2

Opinion Matters

Theodore Roosevelt is best known as the twenty-sixth President of the United States, but this dynamic, multi- talented, charismatic man became a hero to millions of Americans for many other reasons. Theodore Roosevelt gave his "Citizenship in a Republic Speech" on April 23, 1910, at the Sorbonne in Paris. The speech is famous for Roosevelt's thoughts about the duties and responsibilities of both the state to citizens and citizens to the state. The speech emphasizes the importance of action and striving towards worthy goals in life over idle criticism, laziness and inaction. A country's success, Roosevelt stated, depends on disciplined work and character, and democracies require leaders of the best character to hold all citizens to the highest standards. This is what he said: 

"It is not the critic who counts; not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood; who strives valiantly; who errs, and comes short again and again because there is no effort without error and shortcoming: but who does actually strive to do the deeds; who knows the great enthusiasms, the great devotions; who spends himself in a worthy cause; who at the best knows, in the end, the triumph of high achievement, and who at the worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who know neither victory nor defeat."

The answer is given in the above table

You can list your responses in the following grid. (One is done for you.)

Fact	Opinion	The strategies you have used to separate facts and opinions	How the writer's opinions influence your feelings/opinions/ thoughts etc.
1. The 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the American author Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961).	Organizations for writers palliate the writer's loneliness but I doubt if they improve his writing.	The writer used- I doubt which means the writer has shared his own opinion.	The writer's opinion has positively influenced my thoughts.
2. He faced two fatal plane crashes and was unwilling to travel to Stockholm.	Everyone here may make his own list according to his knowledge his and conscience.	The writer used- ‘may' which means the writer has shared his own opinion.	The writer's opinion has positively influenced my thoughts.
3.  Hemingway asked John C. Cabot, the United States Ambassador to Sweden at the time, to read his acceptance speech.	For a true writer, each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment.	The writer used- 'should | be' means writer shared which the has his own opinion.	The writer's opinion has positively my influenced thoughts.
4. Theodore Roosevelt is best known as the twenty-sixth President of the United States.	A country's success depends on disciplined work and character.	The writer used- 'depends' which means the writer has shared his own opinion.	The writer's has my opinion positively influenced thoughts.
5. He gave his “Citizenship in a Republic Speech" on April 23, 1910, at the Sorbonne in Paris.	It is not the critic who counts; not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better.	The writer used- 'better' which means the writer has shared his own opinion.	The writer's has my opinion positively influenced thoughts.
6. The speech emphasizes the importance of action and striving towards worthy goals in life over idle laziness criticism, and inaction.	The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat  and blood.	The writer gave credit to others. So, it an opinion.	The writer's has my opinion positively influenced thoughts.